Natural-archaeological systems: conception, structure, stages of the formation and functioning

Abstract

The longtime experience of the engineering-geological research of the archaeological sites has leaded to the necessity of regarding them as natural-archeological systems, entering the variety of the natural-technological systems. The use of engineering geology methods in the monuments study allows finding new ways to their preservation. The conception of «natural-archaeological systems» is justified; the differences from the natural-technological systems are illustrated. The structure of systems is considered as well as an interaction of the subsystems, forming them: historical-archeological, geological and biological ones. The characteristic of the stages of formation and functioning of natural-archeological systems is done, such as creation, exploitation, destruction, post-exploitation. The examples of multiple exploitation of the one and the same area for different types of the development are shown.