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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">geology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Геология и разведка</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of higher educational establishments. Geology and Exploration</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-7762</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-8708</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Sergo Ordzhonikidze Russian State University for Geological Prospecting</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32454/0016-7762-2019-2-27-34</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">geology-391</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МИНЕРАЛОГИЯ, ПЕТРОГРАФИЯ, ЛИТОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MINERALOGY, PETROGRAPHY, LITHOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Значение изучения эволюции осадочного породообразования в истории Земли для реконструкции изменений геохимических обстановок поверхности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Significance of the study of sedimental rock-forming evolution in the Earth history for the reconstruction of the changes of geochemical settings on its surface</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецов</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsov</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>65, Ленинский проспект, Москва 119991.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>building 1, 65, Leninsky prosp, Moscow 119991.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vgkuz@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный университет нефти и газа (НИУ) им. И.М. Губкина</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas (National Research University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>05</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>27</fpage><lpage>34</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кузнецов В.Г., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кузнецов В.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kuznetsov V.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.geology-mgri.ru/jour/article/view/391">https://www.geology-mgri.ru/jour/article/view/391</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассмотрено распределение в геологическом разрезе двух групп осадочных пород — кремнистых и карбонатных разного состава. Учитывая своеобразные условия формирования различных по вещественному составу пород, реконструированы кислотно-щелочные обстановки внешних геосфер. Показано. что в архее это были кислые среды, в протерозое — щелочные и в фанерозое — слабощелочные. При этом в архее поверхностное выветривание было чисто химическим, добиогенным, что и определило интенсивный вынос железа и кремнезёма из основных магматических пород, покрывавших поверхность ранней Земли. Появление цианобактериальных фотосинтезирующих сообществ, утилиизация углекислого газа, привели к смене обстановки на щелочную, что определило накопление магнезитов и доломитов. Разнообразная биота фанерозоя обусловила становление близких к современным значениям величин pH среды. Параллельно с развитием жизни менялись механизмы и формы осаждения карбонатного и кремнистого материала.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The distribution in the geological section of two groups of sedimentary rocks, siliceous and carbonate rocks of different composition — has been examined. Acid-base conditions of external geospheres have been reconstructed in consideration of the peculiar conditions of the formation of rocks of different material composition. The acidic environments have been shown to be such conditions in the Archean period, the alkaline environments — in the Proterozoic, and slightly alkaline — in the Phanerozoic. At the same time, in the Archean the weathering was purely chemical, prebiogenic, which determined the intense removal of iron and silica from the basic igneous rocks that covered the surface of the early Earth. The emergence of cyanobacterial photosynthesizing communities, utilization of carbon dioxide led to the change to alkaline environment, which determined the accumulation of magnesites and dolomites. The diverse biota of the Phanerozoic caused the formation of pH values close to modern. The mechanisms and forms of the deposition of carbonate and siliceous materials changed alongside with the evolution of life.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эволюция</kwd><kwd>карбонатные и кремнистые породы</kwd><kwd>геохимическая обстановка</kwd><kwd>геологическая история</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>evolution</kwd><kwd>carbonate and siliceous rocks</kwd><kwd>geochemical environment</kwd><kwd>geological history</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бергман И.А. 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