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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">geology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия высших учебных заведений. Геология и разведка</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of higher educational establishments. Geology and Exploration</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0016-7762</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2618-8708</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Sergo Ordzhonikidze Russian State University for Geological Prospecting</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32454/0016-7762-2018-4-39-43</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">geology-310</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПОЛЕЗНЫЕ ИСКОПАЕМЫЕ, МЕТОДИКА ИХ ПОИСКОВ И РАЗВЕДКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>USEFUL MINERALS, METHODS OF THEIR PROSPECTING AND EXPLORATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>О ПРИРОДЕ ОКСИДНЫХ ЖЕЛЕЗОМАРГАНЦЕВЫХ РУД ОКЕАНА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ON THE NATURE OF OXIDE FERROMANGANESE ORES OCEAN</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>АВДОНИН</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>AVDONIN</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>1, Ленинские горы, Москва 119991, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avdonin@geol.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>ЖЕГАЛЛО</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>ZHEGALLO</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>123, Профсоюзная ул., Москва 117647, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>123, Profsoyuznaya street, Moscow 117647, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ezheg@paleo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>СЕРГЕЕВА</surname><given-names>Н. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>SERGEEVA</surname><given-names>N. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>1, Ленинские горы, Москва 119991, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>GSP-1, Leninskie Gory, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nat@geol.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Палеонтологический институт им. А.А. Борисяка РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Borissiak Paleontological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>08</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>39</fpage><lpage>43</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; АВДОНИН В.В., ЖЕГАЛЛО Е.А., СЕРГЕЕВА Н.Е., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">АВДОНИН В.В., ЖЕГАЛЛО Е.А., СЕРГЕЕВА Н.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">AVDONIN V.V., ZHEGALLO E.A., SERGEEVA N.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.geology-mgri.ru/jour/article/view/310">https://www.geology-mgri.ru/jour/article/view/310</self-uri><abstract><p>Оксидные руды океана — кобальтоносные корки (КМК) и железомарганцевые конкреции (ЖМК) имеют бактериальную природу и идентифицируются как строматолиты и онколиты.  Столбчатые структуры железомарганцевых строматолитов и фестончатые онколитов представляют собой  бактериальные маты, образованные чередованием фоссилизированных бактериальных пленок.  Возникновение рудообразующих видов прокариотного семейства и их эволюция определяются  крупными биосферными событиями. На примере КМК Магеллановых гор и ЖМК провинции  Кларион-Клиппертон выявлены основные этапы эволюции структурных форм бактериальных  сообществ. Показано, что смена этапов обусловлена влиянием крупных тектонических, вулканических и других геологических событий.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Oxide ores of the global ocean — cobalt-rich crusts and ferromanganese nodules are of bacterial origin and identified as  stromatolites and onkolites. Pillar structure of ferromanganese  stromatolites and festoon-shaped structures of onkolites represent  the bacterial mats, formed by interbedding of fossilized bacterial  biofilms. The appearance of ore-forming types of procaryotic family  and their evolution are defined by major biosphere events. On the  case study of the ferromanganese  nodules of Magellanic mountains and cobalt-rich crusts of the province  of the Clarion-Clipperton, the main stages of the evolution of structural  forms of bacterial communities have been revealed. It has been shown that the change of phases happened due to the influence of  major tectonic, volcanic and other geological events.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>оксидные руды</kwd><kwd>строматолиты</kwd><kwd>онколиты</kwd><kwd>бактериальные маты</kwd><kwd>биопленки.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>oxide ores</kwd><kwd>stromatolites</kwd><kwd>onkolites</kwd><kwd>bacterial mats</kwd><kwd>biofilms.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Авдонин В.В., Кругляков В.В., Лыгина Т.И., Мельников М.Е., Сергеева Н.Е. Оксидные железомарганцевые руды океана: генетическая интерпретация текстур и структур. М.: ГЕОС, 2014. 163 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Avdonin V.V., Krugljakov V.V., Lygina T.I., Mel’nikov M.E., Sergeeva N.E. Ocean  iron-manganese oxide ores: genetic interpretation of textures and structures. 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