geologyИзвестия высших учебных заведений. Геология и разведкаProceedings of higher educational establishments. Geology and Exploration0016-77622618-8708Sergo Ordzhonikidze Russian State University for Geological Prospecting10.32454/0016-7762-2025-67-2-100-110PRQRPNgeology-1150Research ArticleГЕОЛОГИЯGEOLOGYИзменения родового разнообразия брахиопод на интервалах крупнейших массовых вымираний фанерозояChanges in the generic diversity of brachiopods at the intervals of the largest Phanerozoic mass extinctionshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2847-645XРубанД. А.RubanD. A.

Рубан Дмитрий Александрович — Philosophiae Doctor (Университет Претории, ЮАР), кандидат геолого-минералогических наук, доцент, доцент ЮФУ.

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тел.: +7 (903) 463-43-44

Dmitry A. Ruban — Ph. D. (University of Pretoria, South Africa), Cand. Sci. (Geol.-Min.), Docent, Assoc. Prof. at the Southern Federal University.

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ruban-d@mail.ruФГАОУ ВО «Южный федеральный университет»РоссияSouthern Federal UniversityRussian Federation202502072025672100110Copyright © Рубан Д.А., 20252025Рубан Д.А.Ruban D.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.geology-mgri.ru/jour/article/view/1150Введение

Введение. Брахиоподы эволюционировали на протяжении фанерозоя, и знания о них важны при изучении крупнейших биотических кризисов. Пополнение и ревизия палеонтологической информации требуют регулярного пересмотра оценок влияния кризисов на таксономическое разнообразие данной группы морских организмов.

Цель

Цель. Изучение динамики родового разнообразия брахиопод под влиянием наиболее известных массовых вымираний фанерозоя с использованием трех блоков данных, представляющих разные «поколения» палеонтологических компиляций.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. На основе каждого блока данных построена кривая родового разнообразия брахиопод. При этом три кривые приведены к единой шкале геологического времени. Для массовых вымираний оцениваются снижение числа родов и соотношение с предшествующими и последующими тенденциями изменения разнообразия.

Результаты

Результаты. Все кривые показывают, что массовые вымирания конца ордовика, рубежей перми и триаса, триаса и юры, мела и палеогена способствовали снижению родового разнообразия брахиопод. Наибольшим было влияние катастрофы на рубеже перми и триаса. Напротив, эффект франско-фаменского (позднедевонского) события был минимальным или отсутствовал вовсе. Тенденции изменения разнообразия до и после кризисных интервалов различались.

Обсуждение результатов

Обсуждение результатов. Ретроспективное рассмотрение кривых родового разнообразия брахиопод показывает, что в одних случаях более новая информация говорит о большей интенсивности кризисов, а в других — о меньшей. Более того, смена «поколений» палеонтологических компиляций не способствовала лучшему пониманию динамики числа родов рассматриваемой группы организмов. В этой связи рекомендуется использовать три кривые совместно, а разницу между ними понимать как величину ошибки.

Заключение

Заключение. Полученные результаты указывают на подверженность брахиопод массовым вымираниям, но не всем из них и в разной степени. Более того, неопределенность ряда оценок сохраняется, что делает актуальным последующие исследования развития брахиопод на критических интервалах геологической истории.

Background

Background. Brachiopods evolved throughout the Phanerozoic, and their study contributes to the knowledge of the largest biotic crises. Accumulation and revision of paleontological information require regular re-evaluation of the influence of these crises on the taxonomic diversity of the given group of marine organisms.

Aim

Aim. To study the dynamics of the generic diversity of brachiopods under the influence of the most famous mass extinctions of the Phanerozoic based on three datasets representing different “generations” of paleontological compilations.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. On the basis of each dataset, a curve of generic diversity of brachiopods is constructed. Three curves are drawn against the uniform geological time scale. For the periods of mass extinctions considered, a decrease in the number of genera and relations to the preceding and forthcoming trends of diversity changes are estimated.

Results

Results. The constructed curves indicate that the end-Ordovician, Permian/Triassic, Triassic/Jurassic, and Cretaceous/Paleogene mass extinctions triggered a decrease in the generic diversity of brachiopods. The largest was the influence of the Permian/Triassic catastrophe. Conversely, the effect of the Frasnian–Famennian (Late Devonian) event was either minimal or absent. The trends of diversity changes before and after critical intervals showed a different dynamic.

Discussion

Discussion. The retrospective analysis of the curves of brachiopod generic diversity showed that newer information may have indicated a higher or lower intensity of crises in different cases. Moreover, the changes of the “generations” of paleontological compilations did not contribute to an improved understanding of the dynamics of the considered genera. Therefore, the three curves should be used in combination, treating the difference between them as the degree of error.

Conclusion

Conclusion. The results obtained indicate the vulnerability of brachiopods to mass extinctions, although to a different extent. Moreover, some estimates remain uncertain, which substantiates further research into of the development of brachiopods during the critical intervals of the geological history.

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